> CVE-2026-54890 [HIGH]

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PUBLISHED
2026-07-27 16:17
MODIFIED
2026-07-27 16:17
CVSS_SCORE V3
8.2
EPSS (Prob. Exploit)
0.42%
Top 64.7%
DATA SOURCES:
NVD đź”— 2026-07-27 RED HAT đź”— 2026-08-09 CWE MITRE đź”— 2026-11-01 FIRST EPSS đź”— 2026-10-25 OSV đź”— 2026-08-03

> DESCRIPTION

Integer Underflow (Wrap or Wraparound) vulnerability in erlang otp erlang/otp (erts modules), erlang otp erts (erts modules) allows Forced Integer Overflow, Excessive Allocation. This vulnerability is associated with program files erts/emulator/beam/external.c, emulator/beam/external.c. The BIT_BINARY_EXT tag (77) handler in the External Term Format (ETF) decoder accepts an encoding with both length and trailing-bits fields set to zero. The subsequent computation of the bitstring size underflows an unsigned integer, producing a value of roughly 2^64 that is then passed as a memory allocation size. The allocator aborts the entire node with a message such as "Cannot allocate 2305843009213693951 bytes of memory (of type binary)". The crash is a VM-level abort, not an Erlang-level exception. It cannot be intercepted by supervision trees, by try/catch, or by passing the [safe] option to binary_to_term/2 (which only restricts atom creation and does not perform structural validation of binary encodings). Any application that decodes ETF from untrusted sources via binary_to_term/1,2 or enif_binary_to_term() is exposed. The Erlang distribution protocol also decodes incoming terms through the same code path, but distribution is expected to run on trusted networks per the OTP Secure Coding Guidelines (DSG-011). This issue affects OTP from OTP 27.0 before OTP 29.0.4, OTP 28.5.0.4 and OTP 27.3.4.15, corresponding to erts from 15.0 before 17.0.4, 16.4.0.4 and 15.2.7.11.

> AFFECTED_PRODUCTS

Red Hat - Red Hat Hardened Images
Version: 27.3.4.15

> CVSS V3 METRICS

CVSS_VECTOR
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

> MÉTRIQUES CVSS DÉTAILLÉES

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Métrique Valeur Interprétation
AV (Vecteur d'Attaque)
Attack Vector
Network (N)
Exploit possible à distance via réseau (HTTP, API, etc.)
AC (Complexité d'Attaque)
Attack Complexity
Low (L)
Peu de conditions requises pour exploiter
PR (Privilèges Requis)
Privileges Required
None (N)
Aucune authentification requise
UI (Interaction Utilisateur)
User Interaction
None (N)
Aucune interaction utilisateur nécessaire
S (Périmètre)
Scope
Unchanged (U)
Impact reste dans le périmètre du composant compromis
C (Impact Confidentialité)
Confidentiality Impact
None (N)
Aucune divulgation d'informations
I (Impact Intégrité)
Integrity Impact
None (N)
Aucune modification de données possible
A (Impact Disponibilité)
Availability Impact
High (H)
Interruption totale du service possible

> RÉSUMÉ DES IMPACTS

Confidentialité
None
Aucune divulgation d'informations
Intégrité
None
Aucune modification de données possible
Disponibilité
High
Interruption totale du service possible

> WEAKNESSES

CWE-191 CWE-789 CWE-1284

> CWE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS

CWE-191: Integer Underflow (Wrap or Wraparound) - The product subtracts one value from another, such that the result is less than the minimum allowable integer value, which produces a value that is not equal to the correct result. | CWE-789: Memory Allocation with Excessive Size Value - The product allocates memory based on an untrusted, large size value, but it does not ensure that the size is within expected limits, allowing arbitrary amounts of memory to be allocated. | CWE-1284: Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input - The product receives input that is expected to specify a quantity (such as size or length), but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the quantity has the required properties.

> RED HAT SECURITY ADVISORIES

Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Hardened Images RPMs bug fix and enhancement update
An update for Red Hat Hardened Images RPMs is now available.

> RED HAT SEVERITY ASSESSMENT

THREAT SEVERITY
Important

> OSV (GOOGLE OPEN SOURCE VULNERABILITIES)

BEAM VM crash via integer underflow in binary_to_term BIT_BINARY_EXT decoding

AFFECTED PACKAGES:
Unknown / Unknown
35 versions affected
ALIASES:
EEF-CVE-2026-54890, GHSA-54pw-5645-jh86

> HISTORIQUE DES MODIFICATIONS

Première apparition
27/07/2026 16:17
Source: NVD
đź“Š ENRICHISSEMENT 09/08/2026 05:02
REDHAT
Champ modifié: Sévérité Red Hat
Ancienne valeur:
{ "severity_scale": null, "threat_severity": "Important" }
Nouvelle valeur:
{ "threat_severity": "Important", "severity_scale": null }
đź“Š ENRICHISSEMENT 02/08/2026 05:02
REDHAT
Champ modifié: Sévérité Red Hat
Ancienne valeur:
N/A
Nouvelle valeur:
{ "threat_severity": "Important", "severity_scale": null }
đź“Š ENRICHISSEMENT 02/08/2026 05:02
REDHAT
Champ modifié: Red Hat
Ancienne valeur:
Non
Nouvelle valeur:
Oui
đź“Š ENRICHISSEMENT 01/08/2026 06:01
CWE
Champ modifié: Description CWE
Ancienne valeur:
N/A
Nouvelle valeur:
CWE-191: Integer Underflow (Wrap or Wraparound) - The product subtracts one value from another, such that the result is less than the minimum allowable integer value, which produces a value that is no...
Total des modifications: 4 Dernière mise à jour: 2 months ago

> REFERENCES

https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-54890.html
https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/dc1bf9344c0ce62717cf60866590cea0242780fd
https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-54pw-5645-jh86
https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-54890
https://www.erlang.org/doc/system/versions.html#order-of-versions
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